Varicocele

Did you know men can get “varicose veins” too — but in a different place?

A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the veins within the scrotum — much like varicose veins in the legs. Though often painless, it can cause discomfort and may silently affect fertility over time.

The good news? It’s treatable through a quick, minimally invasive procedure that restores normal blood flow and helps improve reproductive health.

Read on to understand what a varicocele is, its symptoms, and how modern treatment can help.

What Is a Varicocele?

A varicocele is the dilation of veins within the scrotum, caused by malfunctioning valves that disrupt normal blood flow. This leads to blood pooling and increased pressure in the veins surrounding the testicle (usually on the left side).

It’s one of the most common causes of male infertility, affecting up to 15% of men overall and about 40% of those struggling with fertility issues.

Signs & Symptoms

Varicocele symptoms often develop slowly and may vary in intensity. Some men remain symptom-free, while others experience clear discomfort or physical changes.

Dull Ache or Heaviness

A persistent ache or dragging sensation in the scrotum, especially after standing for long hours or physical activity.

Visible or Prominent Veins

The scrotal veins may look enlarged or feel like a “bag of worms,” especially noticeable when standing or straining.

Testicular Discomfort

A feeling of warmth, swelling, or imbalance in the scrotum.

Fertility Issues

Decreased sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology due to increased temperature and oxidative stress around the testicle.

No Symptoms?

In many men, varicoceles are discovered only during routine checkups or fertility evaluations.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and fertility goals. Most cases can be effectively managed with a minimally invasive approach.

Lifestyle Modifications

Wearing supportive underwear, avoiding prolonged standing, and managing physical strain can reduce discomfort.

Observation

For mild, symptom-free cases, regular monitoring may be sufficient to ensure no progression or fertility impact.

Varicocele Embolization (Minimally Invasive Procedure)

A single-puncture, image-guided treatment where the affected vein is sealed using coils or special agents. This redirects blood through healthy veins, relieving symptoms and protecting testicular function.

No stitches
Minimal discomfort

Same-day discharge

Microsurgical Varicocelectomy

An alternative surgical approach that ties off the enlarged veins through a small incision. Typically used when embolization isn’t feasible.

Varicocele Treatment Results: Before & After

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and fertility goals. Most cases can be effectively managed with a minimally invasive approach.

Resources

Read more about male reproductive health and vascular conditions affecting fertility.

Watch expert videos explaining how varicocele embolization works and how it improves fertility outcomes.

What is Vascular Surgery?

Who Are Vascular Surgeons?

वास्कुलर सर्जन कौन होते हैं?

Fistula First

क्या है वास्कुलर सर्जरी ?

फिस्टुला फर्स्ट

Need More Help?

If you’re experiencing scrotal pain, heaviness, or fertility concerns, a quick, minimally invasive treatment can make a lasting difference. Don’t wait — get evaluated today.

Speak with our vascular specialists to schedule your consultation.